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Biotium
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
HLA-B belongs to the HLA class I heavy chain paralogues. This class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin). The heavy chain is anchored in the membrane. Class I molecules play a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. They are expressed in nearly all cells. The heavy chain is approximately 45 kDa and its gene contains 8 exons. Exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exon 2 and 3 encode the alpha1 and alpha2 domains, which both bind the peptide, exon 4 encodes the alpha3 domain, exon 5 encodes the transmembrane region and exons 6 and 7 encode the cytoplasmic tail. Polymorphisms within exon 2 and exon 3 are responsible for the peptide binding specificity of each class one molecule. Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. Hundreds of HLA-B alleles have been described.
Numéro de catalogue:
(BNUM0095-50)
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
This MAb is an excellent marker for human cells in xenographic model research. It reacts specifically with human cells. This monoclonal antibody is part of a new panel of reagents, which recognizes subcellular organelles or compartments of human cells. These markers may be useful in identification of these organelles in cells, tissues, and biochemical preparations. MAb NM95 recognizes an antigen associated with the nucleoli in human cells. It can be used to stain the nucleoli in cell or tissue preparations and can be used as a marker of the nucleoli in subcellular fractions. It produces a speckled pattern in the nuclei of cells of normal and malignant cells and may be used to stain the nucleoli of cells in fixed or frozen tissue sections. It can be used with paraformaldehyde fixed frozen tissue or cell preparations and formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections.
UOM:
1 * 50 µl
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
This MAb recognizes full-length MUC1 in a glycosylation-independent manner and can bind to the fully glycosylated protein. The dominant epitope of this MAb is APDTR in the VNTR region. It reacts with the core peptide of the MUC1 protein, which is a member of a family of mucin glycoproteins that are characterized by high carbohydrate content, O-linked oligosaccharides, high molecular weight (>200 kDa) and an amino acid composition rich in serine, threonine, proline and glycine. The core protein contains a domain of 20 amino-acid tandem repeats that functions as multiple epitopes for the MAb. Incomplete glycosylation of some tumor-associated mucins may lead to variable unmasking of the multiple peptide epitopes leading to the observed differences in staining intensity between normal and malignant tissues. This MAb reacts with both normal and malignant epithelia of various tissues including breast and colon.
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
This antibody recognizes actin of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells. It is not reactive with other mesenchymal cells except for myoepithelium. Actin can be resolved on the basis of its isoelectric points into three distinctive components: alpha, beta, and gamma in order of increasing isoelectric point. Anti-muscle specific actin recognizes alpha and gamma isotypes of all muscle groups. Non-muscle cells such as vascular endothelial cells and connective tissues are non-reactive. Also, neoplastic cells of non-muscle-derived tissue such as carcinomas, melanomas, and lymphomas are negative.It stains tumors of smooth muscle (leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas) as well as skeletal muscle (rhabdomyomas and rhabdomyosarcomas).
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
This MAb reacts with a 200 kDa protein, identified as heavy sub-unit of neurofilaments (NF-H). Neurofilaments make up the main structural elements of axons and dendrites and are found in neurons, peripheral nerves, and sympathetic ganglion cells. Neurofilaments consist of three major subunits with molecular weights of 68 kDa (NF-L), 160 kDa (NF-M) and 200 kDa (NF-H). Anti-neurofilament stains a number of neural, neuroendocrine, and endocrine tumors. Neuromas, ganglioneuromas, gangliogliomas, ganglioneuroblastomas, and neuroblastomas stain positively for anti-neurofilament. Neurofilaments are also present in paragangliomas as well as adrenal and extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas. Carcinoids, neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin, and oat cell carcinomas of the lung also express neurofilament.
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
MAb VU-2G7 reacts with MUC1, a large transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on the ductal surface of normal glandular epithelia. The dominant epitope of VU-2G7 has not been established with epitope fingerprinting. The extracellular domain of MUC1 largely consists of a highly conserved, O-glycosylated 20 amino acids tandem repeat which can occur 30-100 times per molecule depending on the length of the allele involved. In the vast majority of human carcinomas this protein is up regulated and poorly glycosylated and appears on the cell surface in a non-polarized fashion.
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
Recognizes a phosphor-protein of 45 kDa, identified as MyoD1. This MAb does not cross react with myogenin, Myf5, or Myf6. Antibody to MyoD1 labels the nuclei of myoblasts in developing muscle tissues. MyoD1 is not detected in normal adult tissue, but is highly expressed in the tumor cell nuclei of rhabdomyosarcomas. Occasionally nuclear expression of MyoD1 is seen in ectomesenchymoma and a subset of Wilm s tumors. Weak cytoplasmic staining is observed in several non-muscle tissues, including glandular epithelium and also in rhabdomyosarcomas, neuroblastomas, Ewing s sarcomas and alveolar soft part sarcomas.
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
Recognizes a phosphor-protein of 45 kDa, identified as MyoD1. This MAb does not cross react with myogenin, Myf5, or Myf6. Antibody to MyoD1 labels the nuclei of myoblasts in developing muscle tissues. MyoD1 is not detected in normal adult tissue, but is highly expressed in the tumor cell nuclei of rhabdomyosarcomas. Occasionally nuclear expression of MyoD1 is seen in ectomesenchymoma and a subset of Wilm s tumors. Weak cytoplasmic staining is observed in several non-muscle tissues, including glandular epithelium and also in rhabdomyosarcomas, neuroblastomas, Ewing s sarcomas and alveolar soft part sarcomas.
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
This antibody recognizes a 45 kDa protein, which is identified as isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1). It belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family. IDH1 catalyzes the third step of the citric acid cycle, which involves the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate, formingalpha-ketoglutarate and CO2 in a two-step reaction. The first step involves the oxidation of isocitrate to the intermediate oxalosuccinate, while the second step involves the production ofalpha-ketoglutarate. During this process, either NADH or NADPH is produced along with CO2. Recently, an inactivating mutation of IDH1 has been implicated in glioblastoma. IDH1 appears to function as a tumor suppressor that, when mutationally inactivated, contributes to tumorigenesis in part through induction of the HIF-1 pathway.
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
This MAb is specific to Complement 4d (C4d) and it reacts with the secreted as well as cell-bound C4d.C4d is a degradation product of the activated complement factor C4b. Complement 4b is typically activated by binding of Abs to specific target molecules. Following activation and degradation of the C4 molecule, thio-ester groups are exposed, which allow transient, covalent binding of the degradation product Complement 4d to endothelial cell surfaces and extracellular matrix components of vascular basement membranes near the sites of C4 activation. The presence of C4d in peritubular capillaries is a key indicator for acute humoral (i.e. antibody-mediated) rejection of kidney, heart, pancreas and lung allografts. As an established marker of antibody-mediated acute renal allograft rejection and its proclivity for endothelium, this component can be detected in peritubular capillaries in chronic renal allograft rejection as well as hyperacute rejection, acute vascular rejection, acute cellular rejection, and borderline rejection. It has been shown to be a significant predictor of transplant kidney graft survival. Anti-C4d, combined with anti-C3d, can be utilized as a tool for diagnosis of allograft rejection that may warrant a prompt and aggressive anti-rejection treatment.
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
This antibody recognizes cytokeratin 10 (56.5 kDa) and cytokeratin 13 (53 kDa) in Western blotting. It recognizes only cytokeratin 13 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. It does not react with cytokeratin 10 positive, cytokeratin 13 negative epithelia such as epidermis. However, on frozen sections this MAb serves as differentiation-related marker of all stratified epithelia; it stains all suprabasal cells in both cornifying and non-cornifying stratified epithelia and more differentiated cells of squamous carcinomas.
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
Chromogranin A is present in neuroendocrine cells throughout the body, including the neuroendocrine cells of the large and small intestine, adrenal medulla and pancreatic islets. It is an excellent marker for carcinoid tumors, pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and other neuroendocrine tumors. Co-expression of chromogranin A and neuron specific enolase (NSE) is common in neuroendocrine neoplasms. Reportedly, co-expression of certain keratins and chromogranin indicates neuroendocrine lineage. The presence of strong anti-chromogranin staining and absence of anti-keratin staining should raise the possibility of paraganglioma. The co-expression of chromogranin and NSE is typical of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Most pituitary adenomas and prolactinomas readily express chromogranin.
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
MAb B-R18 specifically recognizes CD95, also known as Fas, a transmembrane glycoprotein with a MW of 40-45 kDa, containing 8 kDa of N-glycosidic-linked polysaccharide. It is a receptor for TNFSF6/FASLG, a member of the nerve growth factor receptor/tumor necrosis factor superfamily, mediating receptor-triggered apoptosis. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor. The resulting death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation, which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis. FAS-mediated apoptosis may have a role in the induction of peripheral tolerance, in the antigen-stimulated suicide of mature T-cells, or both. The secreted isoforms 2 to 6 block apoptosis (in vitro). CD95 antigen is expressed on the surface of various cell types, preferentially on the CD45RAlow CD45ROhigh subset of memory T lymphocytes.
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
The c-Myc protein is a transcription factor, which is encoded by the c-Myc gene on human chromosome 8q24. c-Myc is commonly activated in a variety of tumor cells and plays an important role in cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and cell cycle progression. The phosphorylation of c-Myc has been investigated and previous studies have suggested a functional association between phosphorylation at Thr58/Ser62 by glycogen synthase kinase 3, cyclin dependent kinase, ERK2 and C-Jun N terminal Kinase (JNK) in cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation. Studies also have shown that c-Myc is essential for tumor cell development in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis that distribute blood throughout the cells, and which brought extensive attention in the development of new therapeutic approach for cancer treatment.
Numéro de catalogue:
(BNUM0696-50)
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
This antibody recognizes cytokeratin 10 (56.5 kDa) and cytokeratin 13 (53 kDa) in Western blotting. It recognizes only cytokeratin 13 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. It does not react with cytokeratin 10 positive, cytokeratin 13 negative epithelia such as epidermis. However, on frozen sections this MAb serves as differentiation-related marker of all stratified epithelia; it stains all suprabasal cells in both cornifying and non-cornifying stratified epithelia and more differentiated cells of squamous carcinomas.
UOM:
1 * 50 µl
Fournisseur:
Biotium
Description:
This MAb recognizes a protein of 56.5 kDa, identified as cytokeratin 10 (CK10). CK10 is expressed in all suprabasal layers of the epidermis. In the epidermis, expression of CK10 strictly parallels the extent of differentiation; it is absent in the basal layer, appears in the first suprabasal layers and increases in concentration towards the granular layer. However, CK10 is rarely detected in early stages of vulvar squamous carcinomas (tumors less than 2 cm, clinical stage I) regardless of the tumor grade. In larger and more advanced tumors (greater than 2 cm, clinical stages II and III), CK10 is detected very frequently. Expression of CK10 is related to maturation of malignant keratinocytes, being preferentially detected in more-differentiated parts.
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